What are the hydraulic components of an excavator?

An excavator's hydraulic system uses key components working in concert to generate power. The hydraulic pump converts engine mechanical energy into hydraulic energy, creating pressurized oil flow. Control valves regulate this flow, directing it to specific actuators. Hydraulic cylinders and motors then convert the hydraulic pressure into mechanical movement, powering the boom, arm, bucket, and other functions.

Key Components:

Hydraulic Pump: Generates pressurized oil flow by converting engine mechanical energy into hydraulic energy.
Control Valves: Direct and regulate hydraulic fluid flow, enabling operator control over movement direction and speed.
Hydraulic Cylinders: Transform hydraulic pressure into linear (push/pull) motion to move the boom, arm, and bucket.
Hydraulic Motors: Convert hydraulic pressure into rotary motion (where applicable, e.g., for tracks or swing).
Hydraulic Fluid: Transmits power throughout the system, typically oil-based.
Hoses and Connectors: Provide pathways for hydraulic fluid between components.
Filters: Protect the system by removing contaminants from the hydraulic fluid.